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Muslims around the world will be celebrating Eid al-Fitr this week [Getty]
Muslims around the world will be marking the end of the holy month of Ramadan this week, with a celebration known as Eid al-Fitr.
Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, sees Muslims fast every day from pre-dawn until sunset, as outlined in the Quran and one of the five pillars of Islam.
When the holy month comes to an end, a three-day celebration is announced.
However, the date of the celebration changes every year as the Islamic-based lunar calendar is determined by the sighting of the new moon.
When a new crescent moon is spotted, which is carried out by committees in Muslim-majority countries, this determines the start of the new month in the Islamic calendar, and Eid.
Astronomical calculations state that the month of Ramadan is expected to last 30 days this year, making the first day of the celebration on Wednesday 10 April.
However, because lunar months can vary between 29 and 30 days, Muslims could find out on the evening of 8 April which day Eid will take place.
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After sunset on 8 April moon sighting committees will gather and face west to see if the crescent moon is visible in the sky.
If it's spotted, then the following day will be declared as Eid, if not, then Muslims will be required to fast another day.
Some countries may celebrate Eid on different days due to the sighting of the moon in their country.
How is Eid celebrated?
Eid is celebrated in different ways around the world according to each country’s traditions and customs.
However, across the world, Eid typically starts with early morning prayer which starts after dawn.
The prayers are followed by a khutba, or sermon, given by a scholar or sheikh, after which people will greet each other with "Eid Mubarak", Arabic for "have a blessed Eid".
The prayers are sometimes held outdoors to accommodate for the large numbers of Muslims.
It is also customary for Muslims to wear their best garments, or new clothing, to mark the occasion.
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In many Muslim-majority countries, Eid is a national holiday, with businesses and workplaces closing, and Muslims spending time with friends and family, visiting the sick, and eating together.
Some traditions include gifting young children presents or money, donating food and money to those in need, and eating sweets.
Countries such as Malaysia, Saudi Arabia and Egypt, as well as other Muslim-majority countries will be decorated with lights as festivities are arranged for young children and families to enjoy, including fairgrounds.

Quote:NEWS | The Supreme Court calls upon all Muslims within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to attempt to sight the Shawwal crescent moon.
The Court has urged those who are able to observe the crescent moon, either with the naked eye or through visual aids, to approach the nearest court… pic.twitter.com/kBmwaBglph
 — 𝗛𝗮𝗿𝗮𝗺𝗮𝗶𝗻 (@HaramainInfo) April 8, 2024

Quote:

If you live in Nigeria, it’s hard not to sometimes think that something is wrong with you. This often happens when you are down on luck and have tried all you can and things are not working out as you hoped for. Then you start thinking that perhaps it is an ancestral curse at work, or that ‘village people’ have cast a special spell on you to impede your progress. You feel frustrated and underappreciated, believing that your earnings and results are not commensurate with your skills, talents and experience.
But this is nonsense, really. You are not cursed. The real culprit is the Nigerian economy and how our society is organized. We are a poor country, mainly populated by struggling people trying to get by. In such circumstances, it is almost impossible for talents to be rewarded to the full extent they deserve. This is coupled with the fact that we are not a merit-based society. The slacker in school with a well-connected Uncle in government will probably do better in time than the first-class brain that used to teach tutorials. While influence peddling exists in every society, the most developed ones have minimized this and are mainly competence, rather than connection-based.
If you doubt this, when last did you see a job vacancy for the CBN or the foreign service?
Many Nigerians instinctively understand this. They know that success and progress here depend more on connection than competence, and respond to it in one or a combination of three ways:
1. They Pray: The greatest weapon Nigerians think they possess is prayers. Ours is one of the most religious societies in the world. According to the Pew Research Center (2023), a staggering 95 percent of Nigerians report praying daily, placing the country second only to Afghanistan in terms of prayer frequency. This indicates the deep integration of prayer into the daily routines of many Nigerians.
What do Nigerians pray about? They mostly ask for supernatural help to overcome the economic and socio-political challenges, which are mainly the outcome of leadership failures. However, the prayers are often not for help to disrupt the adverse political and economic system, or to change the status quo, but that this system favours them as is. They ask God to make their case different. ‘’There may be poverty in the land but my case will be different.’’ “Bandits may kill hundreds, but Father Lord, my family and I will be safe this new year.’’
This attitude is the reason why religious programmes are packed full weekly, and especially at the end of the year when people are more pious and hope that somehow all the failures and challenges of the preceding year will not follow them to the new one. It is responsible too for the prevalence of religious themes such as ‘Redeemed to flourish in Hard Times,’ ‘Divine Repositioning,’ and ‘No loss, No Lack, No Limitation.’’
In all of this, Nigerians seek God’s help, as a unit, to be the exception and not the rule. The norm in the country is that of poverty, insecurity and general hardship and these Nigerians think that it is only God that can make them escape these.
2. They Join Politics: This is one of the reasons why political contests are so fierce. For many Nigerian politicians, elections are a matter of life and death, a fight to finish (Supreme Court). Because being in a political office appears to be the surest way of escaping poverty and other Nigerian maladies. It provides an exclusive pass into that limited group of big men and women with power, which, in the country, is often followed by great, if unexplained, wealth. That way, you can largely function above all the problems – petty and serious - that define the average Nigerian life. To be sure, not all those who adopt this strategy contest for political offices. Some actively support political actors with the hope that they will be their vehicles to power and the soft life.
3. They flee: Many Nigerians, especially young ones, tired and frustrated by the ingrained disparities and obstacles elect to leave. They don't fight the system or are tired of doing so, and emigrate to places, especially Europe and North America, where they believe their talents and skills will be fully appreciated and rewarded. This has become so common in the last decade or so, making the Yoruba word for ‘run away’ - japa – almost becoming part of the English lexicon.
Of the three strategies, prayer is the most common and easily accessible to the majority of Nigerians. It doesn’t cost anything, only faith in a supernatural being. Few Nigerians have the influence or resources to run for political office, or to emigrate from the country. But all can pray, and ask God to make their personal circumstances different, atypical of the country’s average.
At this point, prayer appears to be a desperate act of helplessness, an awareness of one’s impotence in the grand scheme of things, and an inability to change anything by oneself. But the evidence that things will truly change because it’s a new year and because Nigerians pray is scarce. Every year appears to be worse than the preceding one for the country.
Yes, there will be exceptions, a few Nigerians that will live large and well, despite the challenges, but our best hope for a peaceful, stable and prosperous society is to fight collectively to make the changes we want to see happen. Putting pressure on elected officials to ensure reforms across the board. Asking or praying to be an exception in a failing country is somewhat selfish and unrealistic. In a truly failed state, a Somalia, no one will be exempted. States fail when the nameless majority resign to fate, and accept the anomalies as normal, while seeking to be part of a shrinking pool of exemptions - until the day when there is no longer room in that pool.